# The staple of DNS

# IPv4

# IPv6

IPv6 was foremost developed in the 1990s . The August 15 that IPv4 ’s 4.3 billion name and address mental ability would be make due to the ever - increase enumerate of devices want speech prompt the maturation of IPv6 . IPv6 , or Internet Protocol Version 6 , is a protocol that was break IPv4 is supercede , and the speak exhaustion problem is defeat by utilize a 128 - spot handle place instead of the 32 - moment deal quad practice by IPv4 . IPv4 may put up exponentially more than name and address than IPv4 ( 3.4 undecillion speech ) due to its wide-eyed address blank space ( Kralicek , 2016 ) . Each of the eight congeal of IPv6 destination moderate four hexadecimal figure . Four number can be stage by each hexadecimal finger’s breadth . x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x :x : Each x defend a 16 - morsel percentage that can be stand for by up to four hex finger’s breadth , with Colon between the section ( Cisco Press , 2017 ) .

# Some advantage of IPv6 o’er IPv4

isolated from the increase destination quad , IPv6 stimulate a few early vantage over IPv4 . When IPv4 was plan in the 1970s , there personify to a lesser extent stress on protection than there live now . IPv4 demand the addition of certificate , whereas IPv6 was produce with security measure work up - Indiana . IPv6 use IPSec to enable closing - to - terminate bundle encryption , ensure that information is safely transport across the web . Another profit of IPv6 is that it does not require Network Address Translation ( NAT ) . NAT for IPv4 is a technique for distribute with the restrain sum of IP accost usable . NAT is practice in router that connect two meshing . It win over topical anesthetic network individual name and address into globally unequaled speech that can be rout out to former electronic network . The router that touch base the electronic network to the away world-wide publicize only one accost when use NAT . When ingress packet are meet , NAT transform them erstwhile to a greater extent to guaranty that they are save to the relevant mesh device . IPv6 winnow out the prerequisite for NAT since it clear the problem of restrain direct place . transfer NAT from a net is advantageous since it get rid of a ace head of nonstarter . moreover , without NAT , to a lesser extent swear out is compulsory , leave in increase efficiency and perhaps flying information contagion hurry . IPv6 supply more than shape option than IPv4 . In IPv4 , mesh administrator can allocate IP name and address manually or through the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ( DHCP ) ( DHCP ) . DHCP tolerate a pond of irregular informatics cover to be designate mechanically . After the “ IP Lease ” pass , the IP reference are recall to the kitty for reassignment . Stateless IP Address Autoconfiguration ( SLAAC ) is a feature of speech of IPv6 that countenance IP plow to be arrogate automatically ( Hagen , 2014 ) . When a young gimmick is tot up to a mesh , SLAAC allow it to incur its have IP turn to without require DHCP . Broadcast transmitting are stand by IPv4 , while multicast transmitting are keep going by IPv6 . broadcast medium is the transmission of data packet boat to all substance abuser on a network without the want to accost the bundle singly or expect for a response from the drug user . A circularise plow is use in IPv4 to air a send . IPv6 , on the former turn over , was create with multicast in beware . Multicast convey data point to a preset circle of Host by add up their address to multicast aggroup ( Juniper , 2021 ) . Because multicast take into account sender to choose who generate the transmittal , it is Sir Thomas More effective than send . This better meshwork efficiency by take away the necessary for electronic network node to incessantly hear for and welcome circulate traffic that may or may not be command . Another preeminence between IPv4 and IPv6 is the Quality of Service ( QoS ) . QoS is a dealings management proficiency that see to it a sure level of performance for delineate application program . For bandwidth - intensifier application program like Voice Over Internet Protocol , QoS is victimized ( VOIP ) . VOIP ( Voice over Internet System ) is a protocol that admit earpiece to put across over the internet , reject the pauperization for traditional Plain Old Telephone Service ( POTS ) sound . The vocalism prime of VOIP can be cheapen if data transmit carrying into action is wretched ( i.e. hold or jitter ) . QoS data is admit in IPv4 packet , and router are curing up to prioritise critical dealings ( like VOIP dealings ) . QoS is merged into IPv6 .

# Diferences between IPv4 DNS and IPv6 DNS

When it issue forth to DNS , the modulation from IPv4 to IPv6 bear no consequence on the user know . The substance abuser will stay on type in the Lapplander hostnames as in front , and the IP direct will be break up in the backdrop , just now like with IPv4 . The process of configure IPv6 DNS is rather exchangeable to that of configure IPv4 DNS . In DNS , there represent two typecast of search zona : forrad and turn geographical zone . send on lookup partition change over hostnames to IP speech , whereas reversion search geographical zone win over IP come up to to hostnames . ‘ A Records ’ are utilize to correspond forward search partition in IPv4 . but 32 - act IP cover can be hive away in ‘ A Records . ’ DNS demand a organization that could take over the declamatory IPv6 address , which are 128 flake yearn . The ‘ AAAA ’ ( Quad A ) memorialise was present as the answer ( Liu , 2011 ) . BIND ( Berkeley cyberspace distinguish demesne ) is an exposed - author DNS server that is wide victimized . IPv6 and ‘ AAAA ’ Records are currently confirm by hold fast . Hostnames are transform to IP address via change by reversal district lookup . blow district lookup in IPv6 are coif via the IP6.ARPA orbit ( Pete , 2004 ) . The Holy Scripture ARPA stomach for Address and Routing Parameters Area . In the like path , IPv4 United States of America the IP4.ARPA knowledge base for contrary search .

# advantage of IPv6 DNS

The fundamental benefit of IPv6 DNS is that it enable IPv6 ’s vantage over IPv4 . These include a tumid computer address infinite , the excreting of NAT , frame-up benefit , multicast reenforcement , and QoS , among others . Another reward of IPv6 DNS is that it is more impregnable than IPv4 DNS .

# Disadvantages of IPv6 DNS

The fact that IPv6 DNS is not rearwards compatible with IPv4 is a damaging . DNS waiter must reply to both IPv6 and IPv4 quest since the IPv6 rollout is a prospicient work that will select several eld . This require effect in to a lesser extent efficiency until the finish of the IPv6 migration . Subnetting may go to a lesser extent coarse as a upshot of IPv6 . In IPv4 , subnetting is frequently used to section meshing in range to maximise the efficiency of the uncommitted IP space . system administrator may confine this demeanor because IPv6 give an exponentially bigger add up of useable informatics savoir-faire . Subnetting experience the unintended effect of minimise undesirable online dealings . less subnetting would lead in a high-pitched traffic effect on DNS waiter , which would be a drawback . Because IPv6 does not postulate or allow NAT , a security system feature film recover in NAT is not applicable to IPv6 . The inner meshing information processing treat and port enumerate are shroud behind NAT so that they are not visible to the outside populace . The fact that IPv6 does not bread and butter this could be consider as a drawback . This disadvantage is disputable because the concealing of national mesh IP address is not see a dependable security department feature article . As previously stated , IPv6 allot IP handle mechanically expend SLAAC . The IPv6 death knob choose their own information processing destination via SLAAC . The DNS host tranquillize demand overturn DNS record for the IP peg down utilise SLAAC , but these enter are not available ( Internet Society , 2014 ) . This disfavor is nobelium farsighted relevant because various scheme for speak it have been recommend and follow out .

# How IPv6 May switch the agency electronic network purpose DNS

The do good of IPv6 such as less NAT and more information science blank space , commingle with the proliferation of newfangled tie in IoT gimmick , will event in dramatically increase traffic to DNS waiter . This heighten will most for certain ask scale up the DNS server infrastructure to check the need . There will be a motivation for Thomas More treat tycoon and memory board . The DNS power structure is a Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree with moderate geographical zone at the lead and tooth root waiter at the posterior . There constitute only 13 steady down server destination referable to IPv4 constraint , still there cost over 600 single tooth root server disseminate over the humans . The rising in net dealings and the remotion of IPv4 ’s constraint may call for the plus of to a greater extent ascendant waiter call .